運動賽事與禁藥使用，讓不同的藥物上場比賽？

 

國際運動反禁藥組織（WADA）推動真實的比賽（Play true，沒作弊），提倡公平競賽及得獎能獲尊重，好高尚的道德標準喔!

The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) promotes "Play True" without cheating, advocates for fair competition and respect for deserved winners, such noble moral standards!

運動員為整取更好的比賽成績，可在運動規則下，改變運動技巧及科學化新型運動設備，運動衣與球具等著手改進。人類經過長年運動賽事，運動生理已經推到極限，還要往更高的生理極限推進，鋌而走險使用禁藥，走在危險崩潰的邊緣！常見禁藥類型：

Athletes can improve their competition performance within the rules by changing sports techniques and using scientific innovations in equipment, sportswear and gear. After years of sports competitions, human physiology has been pushed to the limit. To advance to even higher physiological limits, some riskily use banned drugs, walking on the dangerous edge of collapse! Common types of banned substances:

1.類固醇/雄性賀爾蒙類-長肌肉的蛋白同化機制：促使肌肉變得更粗狀，但是會長期依賴，皮膚的毛孔粗大與長滿青春痘

2.紅血球生成素EPO： 使血紅素量增加，強化血液攜帶氧氣能力，當血液變濃稠，容易心臟猝死與導致中風等因素死亡

3.刺激物質：把運動能量推向生理極限的邊緣

4.生長激素hGH：使骨骼與肌肉更為強健，疲勞恢復快，但是成年後骨頭還增生，關節傷害、心臟還變大顆、肝臟、甲狀腺與視力受損

5.禁藥遮蓋劑： 舉重以選手體重分級，排水可以減體重、或利用利尿劑來遮掩其他興奮類禁藥的被驗出，承受利尿劑的副作用

6.大麻類物質：一般是運動員原來就成癮的物質，運動不抽大麻，但是沒有禁菸品

7.嗎啡與海洛因等麻醉物質：用來處理運動產生的疼痛問題，副作用大家都很清楚

初次寫於： March 28. 2019

1. Steroids/androgens - stimulate muscle protein synthesis to grow bigger muscles, but can lead to long-term dependence, enlarged pores and severe acne.
2. Erythropoietin (EPO) - increases red blood cell count and enhances oxygen carrying capacity, but concentrated blood can cause sudden cardiac death and strokes.
3. Stimulants - push athletic performance to the edge of physiological limits.
4. Human growth hormone (hGH) - makes bones and muscles stronger, faster fatigue recovery, but can cause overgrowth of bones in adults, joint damage, enlarged heart, liver/thyroid problems and impaired vision.
5. Masking agents - weightlifters use diuretics to lose weight and stay within their weight class, or to mask detection of other banned stimulants, at the cost of diuretic side effects.
6. Cannabis - athletes may be addicted to it originally, not just for sports, and it is not banned like other smoking substances.
7. Narcotics like morphine and heroin - used to manage sports pain, with well-known adverse effects.

First written: March 28, 2019